The spine is made up of bones called vertebrae, separated by flexible discs that help absorb pressure and allow movement. A herniated disc occurs when material from inside one of these discs pushes through its outer layer.

Depending on the location and severity of the herniation, it may irritate or compress nearby nerves. Some people experience significant symptoms, while others may have a herniated disc without noticeable discomfort.

Herniated discs can occur in the neck (cervical spine) or lower back (lumbar spine). The symptoms depend on the affected disc and whether nearby nerves are involved.

Common Herniated Disc Symptoms

Symptoms vary from person to person. They may include:

• Back or neck pain: Discomfort around the affected area of the spine.
• Radiating pain: Pain that travels into the shoulder, arm, buttock, or leg.
• Numbness or tingling: Unusual sensations in areas supplied by an affected nerve.
• Muscle weakness: Reduced strength in an arm, hand, leg, or foot.
• Limited movement: Discomfort that makes certain movements or daily activities more difficult.